Modern era

Lecture points

massive turmoil from two world wars and the cold war shifts world power from European imperialism to American economic dominance
social upheaval includes feminism, marxism and communism, civil rights and non-violent protest, environmentalism
artists challenge all the conventions (social, aesthetic, gender, race)

atonality: new ways to use dissonance free from common practice harmony
Schoenberg and the (Second) Viennese School represent the first major philosophy that completely rejects past harmonies
everything goes!
opera, symphony, chamber music (various new combinations as well as traditional string quartets, etc.), solos and solo concerti for all sorts of instruments, electronic pieces (tape pieces, performance art)
cross cultural influences such as Indian raga, Balinese gamelan, Arabic, African percussion, native/aboriginal music, folk songs of all cultures
funded by government art grants and institutions (universities, research faculties, broadcasting corporations)

music becomes divided into popular music and art music
technology enables the mass production of music through sound recording and synthesis
pop music is primarily transmitted by the recording
pop culture disseminated by mass media to a globalized audience
genres include jazz, rock, country, rhythm and blues, hip-hop, dance/electronica, involving songs and songwriters, remixing and electroacoustic manipulation
popular musicians are superstars like Romantic virtuosos
new mediums for music include recording, radio, film, music for a location/installation, video games